The business process outsourcing industry in India refers to the Services Outsourcing Industry in India, catering mainly to Western operations of MNCs (Multinational Corporations). The sector witnessed considerable activity during 2004 05, including a ramping up of operations by major multinational corporations players and Indian organizations stepped up hiring. The domestic BPO market, catalyzed by demand from the telecommunications and BFSI segments, matched the growth of BPO exports. The market experienced maturity and consolidation, a result of numerous mergers and acquisitions taking place within the sector. There were over 400 companies operating within the Indian BPO space, including captive units (of both MNCs and Indian companies) and third-party services providers.
The key enabler for this has been cheaper bandwidth leading to low telecom costs for leased lines and availability of educated English speaking workforce in India. The Indian BPO industry remains on a growth path, emerging as one of the key investment markets in the country. It is also referred to as Information Technology Enabled Services or ITES, and high end work with specialisation is referred to as Knowledge Process Outsourcing or KPO.There are other variants in use such as Legal Process Outsourcing (LPO). Process transparency is a major barrier to using KPO services [clarify] Many organizations do not track carefully which decisions are made by whom, and rely so much on informal social processes (and soft skills) that it is unclear how much the use of KPO would disrupt existing operations.
However, requirements like Sarbanes-Oxley and radical transparency movements like full cost accounting, shareholder activism and eco-labels and moral purchasing require organizations to be more explicit about when and by whom decisions are made.These trends make it easier for outsourcing non-critical jobs to be considered by qualifying the impact of decisions in advance.[clarify] Furthermore, it becomes easier to evaluate and compare success. A fully developed service economy enables KPO by treating all functions as services [clarify] So do more technical trends such as service oriented architecture, enterprise application integration and telework: it is easier to outsource a job if it is already being performed outside the head office. Organizations adopting ISO 9000 and ISO 19011 should also find it much easier to integrate externally provided KPO into their operations and audit them on a fair basis.
Outsourcing and offshoring are used interchangeably in public discourse despite important technical differences. Outsourcing involves contracting with a supplier, which may or may not involve some degree of offshoring. Offshoring is the transfer of an organizational function to another country, regardless of whether the work is outsourced or stays within the same corporation /company With increasing globalization of outsourcing companies, the distinction between outsourcing and offshoring will become less clear over time. This is evident in the increasing presence of Indian outsourcing companies in the US and UK. The globalization of outsourcing operating models has resulted in new terms such as nearshoring, noshoring, and rightshoring that reflect the changing mix of locations. This is seen in the opening of offices and operations centers by Indian companies in the U.S. and UK. A major job that is being outsourced is accounting. They are able to complete tax returns across seas for people in America.
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